HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL COOPERATION BETWEEN UZBEKISTAN AND THE PERSIAN GULF STATES

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Abstract

This article examines the formation and development of social cooperation between the Gulf Arab states and the Republic of Uzbekistan in the context of post–Cold War geopolitical transformations. The study analyzes how the 1990–1991 Gulf War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union reshaped regional and global political dynamics, creating new conditions for bilateral interaction. Particular attention is paid to the role of Islam, cultural affinity, and shared civilizational values as foundational elements in the establishment of early diplomatic and social ties. The research highlights the strategic importance of social cooperation in education, healthcare, humanitarian assistance, and infrastructure development. Special focus is given to the activities of Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Kuwait, as well as the institutional role of development funds in implementing socially significant projects in Uzbekistan. The findings demonstrate that despite political and security challenges, social cooperation has become a sustainable and long-term component of bilateral relations, contributing to regional stability and human capital development.