SYNTHESIS AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL STUDIES OF NANOPARTICLES (Cu2O, Fe2O3, ZnO) OF METAL OXIDES IN A POLYETHYLENE MATRIX

Özet

This article presents the synthesis and physico-chemical studies of metal oxide nanoparticles (Cu₂O, Fe₂O₃, ZnO in a polyethylene matrix.

Among the dynamically developing methods for obtaining nanomaterials, much attention is paid to methods for obtaining composite materials based on organic polymer matrices and nanoparticles of various compounds. A special place is occupied by materials containing nanoscale particles of metals and semiconductors, including oxides, sulfides, etc. such materials are described as materials based on "quantum dots" in accordance with the electron-energy structure. When the size of an object (particle) decreases by L_dB (L_dB is the Broglie wavelength), the electron energy spectrum turns into a system of discrete levels of dimensional quantization. As a result, nanoobjects are no different from quantum bodies (dots).

It should be noted that, despite an increasing number of experimental and theoretical works on "quantum dots", the mechanism of electronic interactions in nanoparticles and the nature of their spectral properties are still far from being fully understood. Unlike massive (block) semiconductor metal oxides, the properties of which are well studied, the properties of nanoparticles of the corresponding oxides remain practically unexplored.

The practical significance of this work is to obtain new nanocomposite materials based on semiconductor metal oxides and high-pressure polyethylene. The use of simple and inexpensive technology makes it possible to obtain nanocomposites with unique electrophysical and optical properties. The new results of the study of physicochemical properties expand the understanding of the laws governing the activity of particles of 10 nm or less, which is one of the main problems of modern nanochemistry. The synthesized new nanomaterials can be widely used in various fields of science and technology, since, as shown in this paper, the properties of nanoparticles and materials based on them can be controlled by changing various parameters, such as the average particle size, their concentration in the matrix.