SIGNIFICANCE OF FLUOROGRAPHY IN PREVENTIVE EXAMINATION OF CITIZENS

Özet

The frequency of undergoing screening fluorographic examinations depends on age, employment status, and education level; therefore, these factors should be considered when planning screening programs and increasing regular and active participation of the population.  

The relevance of this study stems from the continuing high epidemiological significance of tuberculosis and the key role of fluorographic examinations in its early detection. Failure to comply with the prescribed fluorographic screening schedules leads to late diagnosis, the development of severe and destructive forms of tuberculosis, and an increased epidemiological risk to the population. Therefore, studying the factors influencing the regularity of screening fluorographic examinations is of great practical importance for improving preventive measures and public health education.  

Purpose. The aim of the study was to identify factors influencing the regularity of screening fluorography and to identify the subjective reasons for delays.

Materials and methods.The study examined 728 individuals, including 342 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis and 386 conditionally healthy individuals. It has been established that irregular fluorography screening is more common among unemployed individuals of working age and those with low levels of education. Increasing the interval between screenings by more than one year significantly increases the risk of developing tuberculosis, and exceeding two years doubles the risk.  Data were collected and analyzed using a standardized questionnaire and medical records. The timing of screening fluorography examinations, as well as to determine the relative risk of developing pulmonary tuberculosis when screening schedules are not met.          

 Conclusion. Fluorographic screening adherence was associated with age, employment status, and educational level. Screening delays of more than one year significantly increased the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis, while delays exceeding two years doubled the risk. Enhanced monitoring and targeted interventions are needed for high-risk groups.