“SIYASATNAMA” – A TOOL FOR RULERS: CORE IDEAS AND CONTENT OF THE TREATISE

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Abstract

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the political-philosophical treatise Siyasatnama written by the eminent 11th-century vizier Nizam al-Mulk, who served under the Seljuk sultans Alp Arslan and Malik Shah. The study explores the structure, genre, and central ideas of the work, which functions as a political-ethical code for rulers. Key principles such as justice, consultation, responsibility, and the unity of religion and state are highlighted through numerous historical examples. The treatise emphasizes the importance of direct communication between rulers and their subjects, the weekly review of complaints, the punishment of unjust officials, and the necessity of consulting scholars and wise men before making major decisions. It also stresses the need to appoint competent individuals to positions of responsibility. Beyond its historical context, Siyasatnama is examined as an educational and ideological source relevant to modern governance. The article underscores its influence on leadership, ethics, and the spiritual development of youth, while also discussing its connection to issues of governance and ethics in Kazakhstan, demonstrating its enduring significance for contemporary political culture.