Application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Intelligent Systems in Forest Fire Monitoring and Management

24 8

Abstract

The article examines the possibilities of using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and modern digital technologies for monitoring and management of forest fires. The limitations of traditional methods for observation and prediction are analyzed, as they are characterized by low operational efficiency, high costs, and limited accuracy under dynamic conditions. An integrated approach is proposed, based on the use of UAVs, geographic information systems (GIS), and image processing methods, which enables real-time data collection and analysis. The structure of an information system for managing firefighting forces and resources is presented, including data acquisition, processing, and transmission from various sources, such as satellite systems and onboard UAV equipment. The study examines the mathematical modeling of forest fire dynamics using an agent-based approach, which allows simulation of both fire spread and suppression processes. The model is integrated with a geoinformation environment, ensuring higher accuracy and applicability in decision-making. The economic efficiency of the proposed solution is also considered, emphasizing the role of early detection and optimal resource allocation in reducing damage. The use of UAVs leads to a significant reduction in costs and an increase in the effectiveness of forest fire management. The integration of UAVs, neural networks, and intelligent systems creates new opportunities for sustainable environmental monitoring and effective management of natural disasters.