International Journal of Environmental Science and Green Technology

The Impact of the Paulowniaceae Family Species Introduction on Biodiversity and the Structure of Local Ecosystems

2025-04-18T05:00:48+00:00

This research examines the potential for the introduction of Paulownia tomentosa into the climatic conditions of the Turkistan city. The ecological, economic, and ornamental characteristics of the P. tomentosa were analyzed, and its ability to grow in fertile soils was highlighted. The experiment employed a method of vegetative propagation using root cuttings, with particular attention given to the main ecological factors influencing plant development (temperature, humidity, and substrate type). The results demonstrated that rooting and initial growth of paulownia were most effective in peat-based substrate under moderate temperature and humidity conditions.

According to the research results, the most favorable conditions for rooting and initial growth of Paulownia tomentosa include the use of peat as a substrate, moderate temperatures (20–25 °C), and optimal humidity levels. Although high humidity promotes rapid plant growth, it also increases the risk of diseases such as wilting and rot. The use of soil-based substrates, particularly under high humidity conditions, showed lower effectiveness. It was also determined that suboptimal (lower) temperatures significantly slow down plant development. Additionally, morphological differences were observed depending on the temperature regime: under normal temperatures, a greater number of smaller leaves was noted, while under lower temperatures, the number of leaves decreased, but their size increased. These findings can serve as a scientific basis for the large-scale cultivation of paulownia in the Turkistan region.

Modeling of the Oxidation of Lignite and Calculation of Carbon Footprint in the Gas Phase

2025-06-26T05:30:12+00:00

The paper examines local coal sources and presents their physicochemical characteristics. The Kara-Keche coal deposit has been adopted as the model system, with the following composition percentages: hydrogen (H) - 3.65%, carbon (C) - 79.03%, nitrogen (N) - 0.84%, sulfur (S) - 0.55%, and moisture content considering oxygen (H2O) - 18.47%. Thermodynamic modeling of the coal oxidation process at the maximum entropy of the system was carried out. The concentration distribution of components containing H, C, N, S, and O, as well as active particles and condensed phases, was established over a wide temperature range (298-3000 K). At the theoretical combustion temperature of coal (1998 K), the complete composition of carbon-containing substances in the gas phase was determined, and the additive value of the carbon footprint was calculated for the first time, taking into account the initial mass of carbon in the solid phase. The anthropogenic carbon load in the gas phase is useful for assessing the carbon capacity per unit of industrial production obtained from the combustion of solid fuel.

Biohybrid Systems for Waste Valorization: Synergizing Synthetic Biology and Green Engineering to Enable Circular Resource Recovery

2025-06-26T05:48:48+00:00

The increasing global momentum toward sustainable development has highlighted the imperative to convert waste flows into new value streams. This review discusses the novel paradigm of biohybrid systems that synergize synthetic biology, bioprocess engineering, and green chemistry to facilitate circular resource recovery from agricultural, industrial, and municipal wastes. Synthetic biology makes it possible to design genetically engineered microbes for enhanced bioconversion of recalcitrant waste substrates, and green engineering design makes it possible to design scalable, energy-conserving bioreactors and catalytic systems. Here, a critical analysis of system architectures like microbial consortia, biosensors, and metabolic pathway reengineering and their integrated functions towards valorizing carbon-rich residues to biofuels, organic acids, and bioplastics is covered. Case studies highlight successful lab-to-pilot scales, with a demonstration of their technical feasibility and their environmental benefits. However, there are challenges involving standardization, process optimization, and regulatory frameworks. This review invites interdisciplinarity to transcend the current challenges and facilitate the installation of robust, modular waste-to-resource technology. Integration of these technologies can revolutionize closing the loop on world waste and minimizing environmental contamination.

Oil in the Ecosystem: Chronic Exposure, Bioaccumulation, and Emerging Health Risks

2025-06-26T06:02:16+00:00

Aquatic ecosystem oil pollution is a ubiquitous and persistent environmental hazard with extensive ecological and human health implications. Unlike acute petroleum hydrocarbon spillings, chronic low-level exposure to petroleum hydrocarbons—primarily polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)—leads to long-term sediment pollution, bioaccumulation in aquatic life, and trophic transfer via food webs. This mini-review combines current understanding of chronic exposure to oil with specific attention to the ecological processes of bioaccumulation, toxicokinetics of chemicals from oil, and what they mean for environmental and public health. Chronic petroleum contaminants can potentially alter cellular, genetic, and endocrine processes in aquatic and terrestrial animals. Chronic dietary exposure to oil-exposed seafood has been linked with increased risks of carcinogenesis, developmental toxicity, and immunosuppression in humans. New advances in biosensors, isotopic tracing, and metabolomics are advancing our understanding of chronic exposure pathways and biological effects. Moreover, the review highlights the emerging role of microbial remediation and green technologies in minimizing oil pollution impacts. Much progress has been made, but gaps remain in bridging ecological exposure to health outcomes at the population level. This article advocates for an integrative risk assessment approach that combines environmental toxicology, public health surveillance, and ecosystem modeling to address the complex impacts of oil pollution. It concludes with future research recommendations, monitoring practices, and policy reform.