ECONOMIC REGIONALIZATION IN THE UZBEKISTAN SSR AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS
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Keywords:
Economic zoning; regional specialization; cotton production; interregional economic relations.Abstract
The article examines the historical foundations and scientific-theoretical approaches to economic zoning in the Uzbek SSR during the Soviet period. Economic zoning served as an important mechanism for the rational distribution of productive forces, efficient use of natural and labor resources, and the formation of territorial-production complexes. Within the framework of the centrally planned economy, the division of the republic’s territory into economic regions contributed to the development of key sectors such as cotton growing, energy, chemical industry, machine building, and food production.
Based on the works of Soviet economic geographers, particularly Professor Z.A. Akramov, the study analyzes the composition of the main economic regions of the Uzbek SSR, their specialization, resource potential, and industrial structure. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of the Tashkent, Fergana, Mirzachul, Samarkand, Kashkadarya, Surkhandarya, Bukhara-Kyzylkum, and Lower Amudarya economic regions.
The research demonstrates that economic zoning strengthened interregional economic ties, promoted industrial and agricultural development, and contributed to the formation of a stable economic system. At the same time, certain shortcomings of the zoning process are identified, including uneven regional development and environmental problems caused by the intensive use of land and water resources. Overall, economic zoning played a significant role in unlocking the economic potential of the Uzbek SSR and ensuring sustainable economic development.
