FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE SYSTEM OF CORRECTIONAL LABOR CAMPS AND COLONIES IN KAZAKHSTAN

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Abstract

Repressions in Kazakhstan during the Soviet period were carried out in accordance with the main directions of the socio-economic and national policies of the party and the state. This article examines the repressive policy of the Soviet government in Kazakhstan, which was widespread and affected entire categories of the population according to the corresponding intellectual, social, property qualification or ethnicity, as well as the formation and development of a system of camps and colonies for the implementation of this policy. It also describes the features and consequences of repressive policies in the twentieth century in Kazakhstan, the problems of rehabilitation of victims of political repression at the present time.
The formation of the totalitarian system in the Soviet state was accompanied by political repressions that were systemic, planned and massive in nature; they were unprecedented in scale, number of repressed, and coverage of all social categories and groups of the population. Totalitarianism in the Soviet country encroached not only on restricting the actions and behavior of its citizens, it limited the freedom of thought of a Soviet person.